What are the financial markets?

Financial markets go by many terms, including capital markets. Some experts even simply refer to it as the stock market, even though they are referring to stocks, bonds and commodities.

Pasar financial mempunyai beberapa istilah, termasuk pasar modal. Beberapa ahli mengacu sebagai pasar saham, meskipun pasar financial dapat berupa saham, bonds dan komoditas.

Quite simply, that is what the financial markets are - any type of financial transaction that you can think of that helps businesses grow and investors make money. Here is an overview of the financial markets, from the simple to the complex.

Cukup sederhana, apa yang disebut pasar financial adalah setiap jenis dari transaksi keuangan yang anda pikir bisa membantu bisnis berkembang dan investor menghasilkan uang. Berikut ini sebuah gambaran singkat dari pasar keuangan, dari yang sederhana sampai yang complex.

Stocks are shares of ownership of a public corporation which are sold to investors to allow the companies to raise a lot of cash at once. The investors profit when the companies increase their earnings which keeps the economy of one country growing. It is easy to buy stocks, but takes a lot of knowledge to buy stocks in the right company.

Saham adalah bagian dari kepemilikan dari sebuah perusahaan Tbk yang dijual pada investor supaya perusahaan meningkatkan jumlah uang cashnya dalam waktu yang singkat. Investor menarik keuntungan ketika perusahaan tadi meningkatkan pendapatan mereka sehingga ekonomi suatu Negara bisa berkembang. Untuk membeli saham itu mudah sekali, tetapi membutuhkan pengetahuan untuk membeli saham dari perusahaan yang tepat.

What Are the Components of the Stock Market?

To a lot of people, the Dow Jones is the stock market. However, the Dow Jones, which is the nickname for the Dow Jones Industrial Average, is just one component among many. There is also the Dow Jones Transportation Average and the Dow Jones Utilities Average. The stocks that make up these averages are traded on the world’s exchanges, two of which include the New York Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ.

Bagi kebanyakan orang Dow Jones adalah pasar saham. Namun, Down Jones merupakan singkatan dari Dow Jones Industrial Average, yang merupakan salah satu dari banyak component. Ada juga Dow Jones Transportation Average dan Dow Jones Utilities Average. Saham ini diperdagangkan pada bursa saham dunia, dua diantaranya adalah York Stock Exchange dan NASDAQ.

What Are Mutual Funds?

Mutual funds give you the ability to buy a lot of stocks at once. In a way, this makes them an easier tool to invest in than individual stocks. By reducing stock market volatility, they have also had a calming effect on the economy in one country. Despite their benefits, you still need to learn how to select a good mutual fund.

Mutual funds memberikan anda kemampuan untuk membeli banyak saham sekaligus. Dengan cara ini, mempermudah sarana untuk berinvestasi daripada saham individual. Dengan mengurangi sifat mudah menguap dari pasar saham, juga menenangkan efek perekonomian suatu Negara. Selain keuntungannya, anda perlu untuk mempelajari bagaimana memilih mutual fund yang baik.

What Is the Bond Market?

Generally, when stock prices go up, bond prices go down. However, there are many different types of bonds, including Treasury Bonds, corporate bonds, and municipal bonds. Bonds also provide some of the liquidity that keeps the  economy of one country lubricated. Their most important effect is on mortgage interest rates.

Umumnya ketika harga saham naik, harga obligasi (bond) turun. Namun demikian, ada banyak jenis dari obligasi termasuk obligasi Treasury, obligasi perusahaan dan obligasi pemerintahan. Obligasi juga menyediakan liquiditas sehingga menjaga ekonomi suatu Negara tetap cair. Efek yang paling penting adalah pada suku bunga hipotek.

What Are Commodities?

Oil is the most important commodity in the U.S. economy. The price of oil is determined in the commodities futures market. What are futures? They are a way to pay for something today that is delivered tomorrow, which helps to remove some of the volatility in the U.S. economy. However, futures also increase the trader’s leverage by allowing him to borrow the money to purchase the commodity. This can have a huge impact on the stock market, and the U.S. economy, if the trader guesses wrong.

Minyak adalah komoditas yang paling penting di dalam perekonomian America. Harga minyak ditentukan oleh pasar komoditas berjangka. Apa itu futures ? Futures adalah sebuah cara untuk membayar sesuatu saat ini yang dikirim besok, yang membantu menghilangkan beberapa hal yang sifatnya mudah menguap di dalam perekonomian America.

What Are Hedge Funds?

By 2007, hedge funds increased in popularity due to their supposed higher returns for high-end investors. Since hedge funds invest heavily in futures, some argued they decreased the volatility of the stock market and therefore the U.S. economy. However, hedge fund investments in subprime mortgages and derivatives caused the 2009 recession. In 1997 the world’s largest hedge fund at the time, Long Term Capital Management, practically brought down the U.S. economy. (Updated January 4, 2010)

Menjelang tahun 2007, hedge fund meningkat popularitasnya karena hedge funds dianggap menghasilkan keuntungan yang lebih tinggi untuk para investor. Sejak hedge funds di investasikan secara berat di dalam futures, beberapa orang berargumentasi bahwa hedge funds menurunkan penguapan dari pasar saham dan oleh karena itu menurunkan perekonomian America juga. Namun demikian investasi hedge fund pada hipotek subprime dan derivatives menyebabkan resesi tahun 2009. Pada tahun 1997, hedge fund terbesar di dunia, berupa Long Term Capital Management secara praktis mendorong penurunan perekonomian America.

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